Sarah M Schmid, Jessica M Hoffman, Jena Prescott ...
· Inflammation
· Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA. sschmid7@utk.edu.
· pubmed
Inflammaging, the chronic, progressive proinflammatory state associated with aging, has been associated with multiple negative health outcomes in humans. The pathophysiology of inflammaging is complex; however, it is often characterized by high serum concentrations of inflammator...
Inflammaging, the chronic, progressive proinflammatory state associated with aging, has been associated with multiple negative health outcomes in humans. The pathophysiology of inflammaging is complex; however, it is often characterized by high serum concentrations of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Few studies have evaluated the effects of age on inflammatory cytokines in companion dogs, and most of these studies included dogs of a single breed. In this cross-sectional study, we measured multiple circulating inflammatory markers and hematological parameters in banked serum samples from 47 healthy companion dogs of various breeds enrolled in the Dog Aging Project. Using univariate linear models, we investigated the association of each of these markers with age, sex, body weight, and body condition score (BCS), a measure of obesity in the dog. Serum IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α concentrations were all positively associated with age. Lymphocyte count was negatively associated with age. Platelet count had a negative association with body weight. IL-2, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, bilirubin, S100A12, and NMH concentrations were not associated with age, weight, BCS, or sex after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Our findings replicate previous findings in humans, including increases in IL-6 and TNF-α with age, giving more evidence to the strength of the companion dog as a model for human aging.
Longevity Relevance Analysis
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The paper investigates the relationship between inflammatory markers and aging in companion dogs, which can provide insights into the biological processes of aging and inflammaging. While it contributes to understanding the aging process in a model organism, the findings are incremental and primarily replicate known associations rather than offering novel insights or solutions to the root causes of aging. Thus, while relevant, its impact on the field of longevity research is limited.
Samuel Abokyi, Dennis Yan-Yin Tse
· Neural regeneration research
· School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
· pubmed
Retinal aging has been recognized as a significant risk factor for various retinal disorders, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma, following a growing understanding of the molecular underpinnings of their development. This comprehensive ...
Retinal aging has been recognized as a significant risk factor for various retinal disorders, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and glaucoma, following a growing understanding of the molecular underpinnings of their development. This comprehensive review explores the mechanisms of retinal aging and investigates potential neuroprotective approaches, focusing on the activation of transcription factor EB. Recent meta-analyses have demonstrated promising outcomes of transcription factor EB-targeted strategies, such as exercise, calorie restriction, rapamycin, and metformin, in patients and animal models of these common retinal diseases. The review critically assesses the role of transcription factor EB in retinal biology during aging, its neuroprotective effects, and its therapeutic potential for retinal disorders. The impact of transcription factor EB on retinal aging is cell-specific, influencing metabolic reprogramming and energy homeostasis in retinal neurons through the regulation of mitochondrial quality control and nutrient-sensing pathways. In vascular endothelial cells, transcription factor EB controls important processes, including endothelial cell proliferation, endothelial tube formation, and nitric oxide levels, thereby influencing the inner blood-retinal barrier, angiogenesis, and retinal microvasculature. Additionally, transcription factor EB affects vascular smooth muscle cells, inhibiting vascular calcification and atherogenesis. In retinal pigment epithelial cells, transcription factor EB modulates functions such as autophagy, lysosomal dynamics, and clearance of the aging pigment lipofuscin, thereby promoting photoreceptor survival and regulating vascular endothelial growth factor A expression involved in neovascularization. These cell-specific functions of transcription factor EB significantly impact retinal aging mechanisms encompassing proteostasis, neuronal synapse plasticity, energy metabolism, microvasculature, and inflammation, ultimately offering protection against retinal aging and diseases. The review emphasizes transcription factor EB as a potential therapeutic target for retinal diseases. Therefore, it is imperative to obtain well-controlled direct experimental evidence to confirm the efficacy of transcription factor EB modulation in retinal diseases while minimizing its risk of adverse effects.
Longevity Relevance Analysis
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The paper claims that transcription factor EB-targeted therapy can provide neuroprotection against age-related retinal diseases. This research is relevant as it addresses mechanisms of retinal aging and explores potential therapeutic strategies that could mitigate the effects of aging on retinal health, aligning with the goal of understanding and potentially intervening in the aging process.
Ding Ding, Joe Van Buskirk, Stephanie Partridge ...
· Cardiovascular Diseases
· Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia. Electronic address: melody.ding@sydney.edu.au.
· pubmed
A quality diet and an active lifestyle are both important cornerstones of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. However, despite their interlinked effects on metabolic health, the 2 behaviors are rarely considered jointly, particularly within the context of CVD prevention. We ...
A quality diet and an active lifestyle are both important cornerstones of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. However, despite their interlinked effects on metabolic health, the 2 behaviors are rarely considered jointly, particularly within the context of CVD prevention. We examined the independent, interactive, and joint associations of diet and physical activity with CVD hospitalization, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality.
Longevity Relevance Analysis
(4)
The paper examines the associations between diet quality and physical activity with cardiovascular disease and mortality in older Australians, which is relevant to longevity research as it addresses factors that can influence health outcomes in aging populations. However, while the findings may contribute to understanding lifestyle factors in CVD prevention, the study does not delve into the root causes of aging or lifespan extension, limiting its overall impact. Thus, it represents solid research but with limited implications for the broader field of longevity.
Julia Rius-Bonet, Salvador Macip, Daniel Closa ...
· Fasting
· FoodLab, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona 08018, Spain.
· pubmed
Intermittent fasting (IF) has proven to be a feasible dietary intervention for the wider population. The recent increase in IF clinical trials highlights its potential effects on health, including changes in body composition, cardiometabolic status, and aging. Although IF may hav...
Intermittent fasting (IF) has proven to be a feasible dietary intervention for the wider population. The recent increase in IF clinical trials highlights its potential effects on health, including changes in body composition, cardiometabolic status, and aging. Although IF may have clinical applications in different populations, studies suggest there may be sex-specific responses in parameters such as body composition or glucose and lipid metabolism. Here, the existing literature on IF clinical trials is summarized, the application of IF in both disease prevention and management is discussed, and potential disparities in response to this type of diet between men and women are assessed. Moreover, the potential mechanisms that may be contributing to the sexually dimorphic response, such as age, body composition, tissue distribution, or sex hormones are investigated. This review underscores the need to further study these sex-specific responses to IF to define the most effective time frames and length of fasting periods for men and women. Tailoring IF to specific populations with a personalized approach may help achieve its full potential as a lifestyle intervention with clinical benefits.
Longevity Relevance Analysis
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Intermittent fasting may have sex-specific health benefits that could influence aging and longevity. The paper discusses the potential of intermittent fasting as a dietary intervention that could affect aging processes and health outcomes, particularly through its impact on body composition and metabolic health, which are relevant to longevity research.
Weiwei Miao, Yuhua Xiao, Yanling Lu ...
· Cognition
· School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
· pubmed
Lifestyle activity engagement is a modifiable factor for cognitive decline. We aimed to identify lifestyle patterns (LPs) among community-dwelling older adults in the pre-dementia stages and to explore the links between LPs, cognitive function, and individual characteristics. 702...
Lifestyle activity engagement is a modifiable factor for cognitive decline. We aimed to identify lifestyle patterns (LPs) among community-dwelling older adults in the pre-dementia stages and to explore the links between LPs, cognitive function, and individual characteristics. 702 older Chinese adults were recruited. Three LPs were identified by latent class analysis: active aging lifestyle pattern (AALP), leisure lifestyle pattern (LLP), and work-centered lifestyle pattern (WLP). AALP refers to participation in various activities that are meaningful to individuals and benefit their well-being. LLP is the pattern of activities aimed at recreation. WLP refers to the LP where individuals are most likely to engage in work-related activities. However, only AALP is protected against mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Multinomial logistic regression models revealed the differences in individual characteristics among participants with different LPs, indicating the importance of tailored intervention strategies. As a protective factor against MCI, AALP should be highlighted in community-based care.
Longevity Relevance Analysis
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The paper investigates lifestyle patterns and their correlation with cognitive function in older adults, specifically in the context of pre-dementia stages. While it addresses an important aspect of aging and cognitive decline, it focuses on lifestyle modifications rather than addressing the root causes of aging or mechanisms for lifespan extension. The findings may contribute to community-based interventions but do not represent a significant advancement in the understanding of aging itself. Thus, it is rated as having a limited impact.
Amal A Wanigatunga, Fangyu Liu, Ryan J Dougherty, ★ Luigi Ferrucci ...
· Exercise
· Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. awaniga1@jhu.edu.
· pubmed
This study examined the association between in vivo skeletal mitochondrial function and digital free-living physical activity patterns-a measure that summarizes biological, phenotypic, functional, and environmental effects on mobility. Among 459 participants (mean age 68 years; 5...
This study examined the association between in vivo skeletal mitochondrial function and digital free-living physical activity patterns-a measure that summarizes biological, phenotypic, functional, and environmental effects on mobility. Among 459 participants (mean age 68 years; 55% women) in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, mitochondrial function was quantified as skeletal muscle oxidative capacity via post-exercise phosphocreatine recovery rate (τ
Longevity Relevance Analysis
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The study investigates the relationship between skeletal mitochondrial function and physical activity in older adults, which is pertinent to understanding the biological mechanisms underlying aging and mobility. However, while it contributes to the knowledge of mitochondrial function in the context of aging, it does not address root causes of aging or lifespan extension directly. Thus, its impact is solid but limited.
Beeche, C., Dib, M.-J., Zhao, B. ...
· bioinformatics
· University of Pennsylvania
· biorxiv
BackgroundAortic structure impacts cardiovascular health through multiple mechanisms. Aortic structural degeneration occurs with aging, increasing left ventricular afterload and promoting increased arterial pulsatility and target organ damage. Despite the impact of aortic structu...
BackgroundAortic structure impacts cardiovascular health through multiple mechanisms. Aortic structural degeneration occurs with aging, increasing left ventricular afterload and promoting increased arterial pulsatility and target organ damage. Despite the impact of aortic structure on cardiovascular health, three-dimensional (3D) aortic geometry has not been comprehensively characterized in large populations.
MethodsWe segmented the complete thoracic aorta using a deep learning architecture and used morphological image operations to extract multiple aortic geometric phenotypes (AGPs, including diameter, length, curvature, and tortuosity) across various subsegments of the thoracic aorta. We deployed our segmentation approach on imaging scans from 54,241 participants in the UK Biobank and 8,456 participants in the Penn Medicine Biobank.
ConclusionOur method provides a fully automated approach towards quantifying the three-dimensional structural parameters of the aorta. This approach expands the available phenotypes in two large representative biobanks and will allow large-scale studies to elucidate the biology and clinical consequences of aortic degeneration related to aging and disease states.
Longevity Relevance Analysis
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The paper is relevant to longevity research as it addresses the structural degeneration of the aorta, which is a significant factor in cardiovascular health and aging. By characterizing aortic geometry in large populations, it contributes to understanding the biological processes associated with aging and potential interventions. However, while the methodology is innovative, the findings are more of a solid research contribution rather than a groundbreaking advance, hence the moderate impact score.
Rabia Khalaila, Lauren Grebe, Isabel Elaine Allen
· Depression
· Global Brain Health Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.
· pubmed
We examined whether vision impairment (VI) and hearing impairment (HI) and dual sensory impairment (DSI) affect cognitive performance and whether depression mediates that effect. We examined 55,340 participants from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe, which asse...
We examined whether vision impairment (VI) and hearing impairment (HI) and dual sensory impairment (DSI) affect cognitive performance and whether depression mediates that effect. We examined 55,340 participants from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe, which assessed 32,325 participants in 2011 (baseline, Time 1), 2015 (follow-up, Time 2), sociodemographic data and health factors, self-reported VI, HI, and DSI at baseline, depression, and cognitive performance after four years. A multiple mediator model was tested using bootstrapping and resampling. At baseline, 22.9% had VI, 10.2% HI, and 10.4% had DSI. We found a significant negative association between VI (b = -0.023,
Longevity Relevance Analysis
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The paper investigates the association between sensory impairments and cognitive performance in older adults, which is relevant to understanding aging and its effects on cognitive health. However, it primarily focuses on the symptoms and mediating factors like depression rather than addressing root causes of aging or lifespan extension. Thus, while it contributes to the field of aging research, its impact is limited and more incremental than transformative.